Application of carbon fiber materials in emerging industries
Applications
Carbon fiber carbon materials have been widely used in various fields of military and civilian industries. From civil industries such as aerospace, aviation, automobiles, electronics, machinery, chemicals, and light textiles to sports equipment and leisure products. Carbon fiber reinforced composite materials can be used in military fields such as aircraft manufacturing, industrial fields such as wind power blades, electromagnetic shielding and antistatic materials, body substitute materials such as artificial ligaments, and in the manufacture of rocket shells, motor boats, industrial robots, and automotive leaf springs. drive shaft, etc. Sports fields such as baseball and bat. Carbon fiber is a typical new industrial material in high-tech fields.
composite material
Because carbon fiber composites have the characteristics of lightness and strength, lightness and rigidity, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, good structural dimensional stability, good design, and large-area integral molding, they have been used in aerospace, defense, military and civil industries. are widely used in various fields. Carbon fibers can be processed into fabrics, felts, mats, belts, paper and other materials. High-performance carbon fiber is the most important reinforcement for the manufacture of advanced composites.
SF
Carbon fiber is also used in the reinforcement and reinforcement of industrial and civil buildings, railway highway bridges, tunnels, chimneys, tower structures, etc. In railway buildings, large-scale roof systems and sound insulation walls will have good applications in the future. It is a promising application of carbon fiber. In addition, when carbon fiber is used as a reinforced concrete structure, there is no need to increase bolts and rivets for fixing, and the disturbance to the original concrete structure is small, and the construction process is simple.
product category
pressure vessel
The pressure vessel is made of carbon fiber composite material and is mainly used in compressed natural gas tanks in automobiles, but also in stationary breathing apparatus for firefighters. CNG tanks originated in the United States and European countries, and Japan and other Asian countries have also shown great interest in this application.
wind turbine blades
The rated power of wind turbine generators in the world is getting larger and larger, and the size of the fan blades that are compatible with it is also getting larger and larger. In order to reduce the deformation of the blade, carbon fiber is used in some parts of the main bearing parts such as bearings and blades to supplement its stiffness. The total installed capacity of wind turbines during China's "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period has reached 1.5G watts, so the application prospects of carbon fiber in wind turbine blades are promising.
Carbon fiber also has broad application prospects in new energy fields such as wind energy, nuclear energy and solar energy. When the power of the wind turbine exceeds 3MW and the blade length exceeds 40 meters, the performance of traditional glass fiber composite materials has reached its limit, and the use of carbon fiber composite materials to manufacture blades is a necessary choice. Only carbon fiber can reduce the weight of the blade and meet the requirements of strength and stiffness.
carbon fiber fabric
Carbon fiber cloth is also called carbon cloth, carbon fiber fabric, carbon fiber tape, carbon fiber sheet (prepreg), etc. Carbon fiber cloth is a unidirectional carbon fiber product, usually woven with 12K carbon fiber filaments. The lightest weight is 1K carbon cloth. In China, carbon fiber frame bicycles and tripods basically use 3K carbon cloth. 1K carbon fiber pipe is very strict in terms of the grade of carbon filament, the composition of resin, the density of carbon cloth, the pressure and temperature of molding, etc. The price of 1K carbon cloth is 3 times that of 3K carbon cloth. Available in two thicknesses: 0.111mm (200g) and 0.167mm (300g). Carbon fiber cloth has high strength, low density and thin thickness, and basically does not increase the self-weight and cross-sectional size of the reinforcement member. Carbon fiber is widely used in the reinforcement and repair of various structural types and structural shapes such as buildings, bridges and tunnels, as well as seismic reinforcement and structural reinforcement of joints.
Carbon fiber composite sucker rod
Relevant data show that by 2008, 8% to 10% of the updated or newly added sucker rods were replaced with carbon fiber composite sucker rods, which required a total of 320 to 420t of carbon fiber. It is predicted that by 2010, the consumption of carbon fiber will reach 624 tons if calculated by 15% replacement.
Expanded graphite
As a new type of functional carbon material, Expanded Graphite (EG) is a loose and porous worm-like substance obtained from natural graphite flakes through intercalation, water washing, drying and high temperature expansion. In addition to the excellent properties of natural graphite such as cold and heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and self-lubrication, EG also has softness, compression resilience, adsorption, ecological environment coordination, biocompatibility, and radiation resistance that natural graphite does not have. and other characteristics.
Environmental protection
Expanded graphite is hydrophobic and lipophilic, and can selectively remove non-aqueous solutions in water, such as removing oil slicks from seas, rivers, and lakes.
Sealing material
Expanded graphite can be post-processed into flexible graphite for use as sealing material.
Biomedical Science
Expanded graphite has the characteristics of good biocompatibility, non-toxic, odorless, and no side effects, and is a very important biomedical material.
High Energy Battery Materials
The addition of expanded graphite to the zinc anode of rechargeable zinc-manganese batteries can reduce the polarization of the zinc anode during charging, enhance the conductivity of the electrode and electrolyte, inhibit the formation of dendrites, and provide good molding properties to inhibit the dissolution and deformation of the anode. , Extend battery life.
Phase change heat storage material
The thermal conductivity and heat transfer performance of phase change heat storage materials are poor, which affect their energy storage and energy release efficiency. At the same time, the porosity of the porous medium in the composite phase change material is small, and the phase change material contained in it is small, resulting in low energy storage. These shortcomings limit the application and development of the material. The rich pore structure and high thermal conductivity of expanded graphite can make up for these defects.
fire safety material
Some foreign countries have added some expandable graphite to the interlayer of the cabin seat, or made it into fireproof sealing strips, fireproof blocking materials, fireproof rings, etc. Once a fire starts, it expands rapidly, blocking the fire spread channel, and achieving the purpose of fire extinguishing. In addition, adding the fine particles of expandable graphite into ordinary coatings can produce better flame retardant and antistatic coatings.
Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and expanded graphite (EG) synergistically flame retardant ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and its flame retardant mechanism were studied. The results show that APP and EG have a good synergistic flame retardant effect on EVA.
product category
Flexible graphite sealing materials are mainly divided into two categories according to their uses: one is used for sealing packing on various pumps, valves and reaction kettles; the other is graphite gaskets used on various pipeline flanges.
seal packing
Sealing packing is a pre-formed packing formed by wrapping expanded graphite ribbons cut into appropriate widths and lengths in metal molds of different specifications and directly formed on a press. .
Gasket
Usually can be divided into two types, one is pure graphite gasket, which is directly pressed into metal mold with expanded graphite pellets, or directly punched or cut from expanded graphite sheet; the other is graphite wound gasket , which is made of overlapping metal strips and expanded graphite, and can be used under higher pressure.
graphite packing
Graphite packing is a sealing material woven with cotton fiber or graphite fiber and graphite coil foil. The graphite packing with cotton fiber as the core (SPM type) is suitable for the sealing of pipes, valves, pumps, etc. with a pressure of 12MPa and a temperature below 200℃. The contact medium can be river water, tap water, groundwater, seawater, oil, etc. The graphite packing with graphite fiber as the core (SPS type) is suitable for the sealing of pipes, valves, pumps, etc. with a pressure of 12MPa and a temperature below 350℃. The contact medium can contact acid and alkali substances in addition to various water and oil.